Two teenagers are suspected of involvement in a murder they previously predicted. When police investigators attempt to scare them into confessing, the teens confidently point out that the detectives clearly don’t understand game theory or the prisoner’s dilemma. Rather than pressuring them together, the detectives could have separated them and offered each a plea deal for confessing first. That strategy would have created incentives for both to confess, revealing the truth.
In this scene from Christmas Vacation, Clark is surprised to learn that Cousin Eddie hasn’t bought any Christmas presents. When he asks about Eddie’s job situation, Ellen shares that he heard Eddie has been out of work for a while. Not because jobs aren’t available, but because he’s waiting for a management position to open up.
This clip offers a great example of frictional unemployment, the kind of unemployment that arises when individuals are between jobs or selectively searching for a new position that better matches their preferences or skills. Eddie’s decision to wait for a specific type of job, despite other jobs being available, shows how personal expectations and job search behavior affect labor market outcomes.
Phoebe and Joey engage in a spirited debate about whether any good deed is truly selfless. Joey argues that all good deeds ultimately make the person feel good, so they’re not entirely altruistic. Meanwhile, Phoebe insists that true selflessness is possible. As the conversation unfolds, the discussion centers on motivations and emotional payoffs.
This clip is an engaging way to introduce utility maximization. Joey’s argument that people help others because it makes them feel good offers a humorous entry point into the idea that individuals make choices to maximize their own utility, even when the actions appear altruistic. It also sets the stage for deeper classroom discussions about rationality, behavioral economics, and how utility functions may include emotional satisfaction, not just material outcomes.
Thanks to Charlie Ben-Nathan for the clip submission!
This track by The Smiths offers a rich backdrop for exploring the opportunity costs associated with how people allocate their labor. The lyrics reflect the emotional cost of employment: the narrator moves from idleness to employment, only to express regret and dissatisfaction:
I was looking for a job and then I found a job And heaven knows I’m miserable now
The chorus questions why he spends his valuable time (a scarce resource) on work that feels meaningless and unappreciated:
In my life, oh, why do I give valuable time To people who don’t care If I live or I die?
This song is a great opening to discuss opportunity cost in labor decisions: just because someone can allocate their time to paid work doesn’t mean it’s their most valued use of time. It’s important to remember that most labor models don’t focus on maximizing income, but rather utility. There is a tradeoff between the income we earn from paid labor and the loss of leisure time. The cost of that tradeoff is much higher when the work we do isn’t satisfying.
Thanks to Allison Murphy from Oregon State for the clip submission and topic recommendation
In this 2014 commercial, Southwest Airlines highlights a new fuel-saving technology—winglets, affectionately dubbed “doohickeys.” The airline explains that these wingtip extensions improve fuel efficiency, helping them lower costs and, in turn, offer lower prices to customers.
This ad is a fun and accessible way to show how technological improvements can shift the supply curve. Teachers can use it to illustrate how increased productivity lowers production costs, which leads to lower prices and greater availability—in this case, more affordable flights for more people.
Thanks to Matthew Jordan from Lincoln-Way East High School for the clip submission and description suggestion!
In this Saturday Night Live sketch, Jon Hamm and Ego Nwodim play anchors on a business news channel that shifts its focus to “regular folks” living paycheck to paycheck. As they report on economic trends, the news ticker at the bottom highlights relatable, everyday financial decisions—like switching to store-brand cereal or cutting back on name-brand toothpaste.
This sketch is a humorous way to introduce the concept of inferior goods—products whose demand increases when income falls. It’s a great clip for helping students connect abstract economic terms to real-world behavior, especially when discussing how different income groups respond to economic downturns.
In this sketch from the Tom Green Show, the host engages in an unconventional experiment where he shadows a pizza delivery driver. As the driver delivers orders, Green attempts to undercut the original pizza company by offering the customers a cheaper pizza from his makeshift, mobile operation, Undercutters Pizza. Despite the lower prices, customers react negatively, some even threatening violence if he doesn’t leave their property. In real markets, firms often vie for customers by offering lower prices for substitutable products.
This funny scene involves Ricky Bobby (played by Will Ferrell) discussing his prospects for longevity with his pit coach. When warned about the dangers of reckless driving, Ricky confidently cites advances in modern science and his substantial income as reasons he might live exceptionally long—perhaps to 245 or even 300 years old. Though exaggerated, Ricky’s statement underscores a real economic observation: higher income levels are correlated with better health outcomes, largely due to better access to healthcare and medical advancements.
The holiday commercial illustrates key economic concepts through the story of two young entrepreneurs competing to sell hot chocolate. Initially, both firms engage in product differentiation by progressively increasing their decorations to attract customers. This competition raises their average costs above what would be necessary in a more competitive market.
The ending of the commercial takes a surprising turn: instead of continuing the costly competition, one firm pivots to selling a complementary product (marshmallows). This demonstrates the potential power of collusion or cooperation, where firms can align their strategies to raise overall profits, behaving more like a monopolist rather than competing solely on price.
Thanks to Patrick Johnson for the clip submission!
Negative externalities are activities that generate costs that accrue to people not directly involved in those activities. These effects are generally unattended. From the pipe smoker’s point of view, the noise generated by the rowdy boys was an external cost.